Ku Klux Klan In The 1920s Essay - 839 Words

The 1920s are remembered as lively time, sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age, Roaring Twenties, or the decade of prosperity. The 1920s, had many social trends that developed as a result of fear, one of the most shameful, the Ku Klux Klan. This trend did not emerge just once but twice, it was rebranded and improved because its members fed off fear and racism. Due to the Red Scare (reaching its peak in the early 1920s), Americans became obsessed with one hundred percent â€Å"Americanism†. This led to â€Å"a decade of citizenship education programs in public schools, legally sanctioned visits to immigrants’ homes to investigate their household arrangements, and vigorous efforts by employers to instill appreciation for American values † (Give Me†¦show more content†¦2, 2017, Foner, pg. 788). Women gaining equality became the center of some ad campaigns. What had been considered illegal in 1904, was okay in 1924. For instance, one example was cigarettes. Edward Benays marketed cigarettes directly towards women, claiming them as their torches of freedom. Another important social trend was the Scopes Trial. In 1925, John Scopes, a Tennessee public school teacher, went against the Tennessee law â€Å"that prohibited the teaching of Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution† (Give Me Liberty: An American History Vol. 2, 2017, Foner, pg. 801). The Scopes Trial brought out an internal battle that the country had been fighting about since World War I. To the school teachers aid came the American Civil Liberties Union, who thought the case would be a â€Å"lesson in the dangers of religious intolerance and the merger of church and state† (Give Me Liberty: An American History Vol. 2, 2017, Foner, pg. 801). Scopes lawyer, Clarence Darrow, put William J. Bryan on the stand as an expert witness on the Bible and even though Bryan proved to be oblivious to modern science, the jury still found Scopes guilty. Later, a Tennessee Supr eme Court â€Å"overturned the decision on a technicality. Shortly after the trial ended, Bryan died and the movement for anti-evolution laws disintegrated† (Give Me Liberty: An American History Vol. 2, 2017, Foner, pg. 802). As important as the social trends were in the 1920s, theShow MoreRelatedThe Rise and Fall of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920 Essay1558 Words   |  7 Pagesof the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s The second Ku Klux Klan lasted between 1915 to 1944 but predominantly rose and fell during the 1920s. The Ku Klux Klan was a white supremacist group with millions of members who brutally tortured and killed anyone who was not a white American. The Ku Klux Klan were known for their white robes, cone hats, and covered faces that disguised their identities. The second Ku Klux Klan’s most important part of it’s history was it’s dramatic rise and fall. The Ku Klux KlanRead MoreHooded Americanism Essay1675 Words   |  7 PagesHooded Americanism: The First Century of the Ku Klux Klan: 1865 to the Present by David Chalmers records the history of the Ku Klux Klan quite bluntly, all the way from its creation following the civil war, to the early 1960’s. The author starts the book quite strongly by discussing in detail many acts of violence and displays of hatred throughout the United States. He makes a point to show that the Klan rode robustly throughout all of the country, not just in the southern states. The first severalRead MoreThe Invisible Empire Of The South2160 Words   |  9 Pagesunintentionally created an opposition group that violently lashed out against those who both supported and benefited from it. The Klan grew out of the turmoil of the post-Civil War Reconstruction era . The imposition of degrading reconstruction policies, the demand of reparations and the blow to their economy as a result of the thirteenth amendment set the scene for the rise of the Ku Klux Klan. The radical change experienced as a result of their defeat in the Civil War drove the disenfranchised Southern constituentsRead MoreLife for Black People After 1865 Essay823 Words   |  4 PagesLife for Black People After 1865 The Civil war finally ended in 1865 but did life really improve for the Blacks there after? In this essay I am going to give evidence for and against to support whether or not life did improve. I will discuss the new organisations that arose such as the Ku Klux Klan and the Freedmen’s Bureau, As well as the blood and gore side of things. Why did they use such terrible methods of murder? 1865: 13th Amendment Slavery Abolished Read MoreEssay about Explaining The Twenties1256 Words   |  6 Pages In 1920, for the first time, the United States census revealed that more Americans lived in cities than in rural areas. This fact speaks to a dramatic cultural shift that had taken place. The older ethnically homogenous white Anglo-Saxon Protestant (WASP) culture, characterized by their traditional religion and farm life fell into decline. Overtaking its influence was a new, secular, urban mass culture rooted among diverse ethnic groups. It was a culture that provided more opportunity for equalRead MoreChanges of America in the 1920s Essay729 Words   |  3 PagesSAMPLE DBQ. ESSAY As a nation coming out of a devastating war, America faced many changes in the 1920s. It was a decade of growth and improvements. As immigrants fled from Europe, the economy improved, and new machines offered convenience and luxury from the kitchen to the streets. However, with all change comes opposition. The 1920s revealed a conflict between traditional America and the new attitude and lifestyle through the changing role of women, continued dominance of ChristianRead MoreRacism Enacted Throughout the History of Black Films Essay1254 Words   |  6 Pages Bosley Crowther’s article â€Å"The Birth of Birth of a Nation† emphasizes that the film was a â€Å"highly pro-South drama of the American Civil War and the Period of Reconstruction, and it glorified the role of the Ku Klux Klan† (76). While viewing this film, one would assert that the Ku Klux Klan members are heroic forces that rescue white women from sexually abusive black men. Griffith introduced â€Å"mulatto, faithful mammy, Uncle Tom, and brutal buck† character; some were disguised as villains and obnoxiousRead MoreAmerican Society During The Roaring Twenties1844 Words   |  8 Pagestwenties. African-Americans would help modernize America through the great migration of blacks and the creation of Jazz music. The next major shift in the twenties would be the American (white) woman. Women would gain the right to vote on August 18th, 1920. With the women’s right to vote the modern American woman changed. The modern woman that people think about when they think about the twenties is the flapper girl. A flapper girl would have a bobbed haircut, wore short dresses and skirts, drank, smokedRead MoreThe Main Obstacle Preventing Blacks From Achieving Equality Essay1213 Words   |  5 PagesHistory Essay Two. To what extent can it be argued that De Jure (legal) segregation was the main obstacle preventing blacks from achieving equality in the 1920s – 1930s? Black Americans faced a number of obstacles, widespread and entrenched WASP racism, Existence of white supremacist organisations such as the KKK, De Jure (legal segregation) Lack of political influence, and Disunity amongst the campaign groups, campaigning for black Americans civil right. America, unlike the UK, has a written constitutionRead MoreEffects Of Prohibition In The 1920-19331861 Words   |  8 PagesWhen the prohibition law was passed, it affected many different people in many ways. Prohibition lasted from 1920-1933 during this social experiment it helped us realize as a nation the more serious crimes that were occurring in our nation. Some disrespected the law, people who broke the law became criminals. Many groups fought to up hold the law of prohibition by keeping immigrants and foreign nations out of the U. S’s affairs. While other groups turned to criminal actions such as violence and murders

The Forbidden Game The Hunter Chapter 16 Free Essays

It was Dee who made the phone call, because Audrey and Michael were looking out the kitchen window together, and Zach wasn’t the talking type. Jenny and Tom had moved a little away from the others. â€Å"I wanted to show you this,† Tom said. We will write a custom essay sample on The Forbidden Game: The Hunter Chapter 16 or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was a tattered scrap of paper. It had several things drawn and then crossed out-Jenny thought one was a rat. The only thing not crossed out was in the middle, and Jenny couldn’t tell what it was. â€Å"I’m a rotten artist. I thought you could tell by the yellow hair and green eyes.† â€Å"I’m your worst nightmare?† Jenny said, only half joking because she was completely bewildered. â€Å"No. It was hard to draw, but it was what I meant at the end when I told Julian I guessed it had to happen. The name of the Game was face your worst nightmare, and that was mine. Losing you.† Jenny could only look at him. â€Å"I’m not good at saying it. Maybe I’m not even good at showing it,† he said. â€Å"But-I love you. As much as he does. More.† All Jenny could think of was hibiscus bushes. Little Tommy in second grade. The boy she had decided she was going to marry-on sight. Something was tugging at her inside, but she knew she had to put it-even the memory of it-away forever. Never think of it again. And never let Tom know. Never. â€Å"I love you, too,† she whispered. â€Å"Oh, Tom, so much.† It was at that moment they heard the glass break. Dee was hampered by being on the phone. Tom was hampered by Jenny. The others were just plain frozen. Still, it was only a few seconds before they ran back to the living room, just in time to see two figures ducking out the broken sliding glass door with really astonishing speed. The white box wasn’t on the coffee table anymore. Tom and Dee, of course, ran into the backyard. But even Jenny, standing by the broken door, could see there was no chance. The two figures were over the wall and gone before their pursuers got close. After climbing the block wall and looking around, Tom and Dee came slowly back. â€Å"They just disappeared,† Dee said in disgust. â€Å"They were flying,† Tom panted. â€Å"You’re not in the best of shape, either of you,† Jenny said. â€Å"It doesn’t matter. I didn’t really want to give the Game to the police anyway. It probably won’t work for anyone else.† â€Å"But who were they? Shadow Men?† Michael asked. â€Å"Shadow Men in sneakers,† Dee said, pointing to a muddy footprint on the tiles. â€Å"But why would they want to-â€Å" Jenny tuned him out. She was looking at the broken glass and trying not to think. Even from behind, those two guys had looked familiar. But surely what she’d said was true. The Game had been meant for her; it shouldn’t work for anyone else. Besides, it was squashed now, ruined. And even if it did work for someone else, what were the chances of them making it all the way up to the third floor, into her grandfather’s basement? And even if they did make it there, what were the chances of them opening a white closet door? â€Å"Good riddance to it,† Tom said. In the early morning light his dark hair shone, and the green flecks in his eyes looked gold. â€Å"Everything I care about is right here,† he said. He smiled at Jenny. â€Å"No more nightmares,† he told her, with open love in his face, in front of them all. Jenny went into the circle of his arms. In a vacant lot, two boys were panting, looking behind them for pursuers. â€Å"I think we lost them,† said the one in the black bandanna and T-shirt. â€Å"They weren’t even trying,† said the one in the black-and-blue flannels. They looked at each other in a mixture of triumph and fear. They didn’t know what the box was, despite a night of watching the blond girl’s house. It hadn’t been until dawn that they’d worked up the nerve to break in-and then the white box had been there on the table, waiting for them. They knew only that ever since seeing it they’d been compelled to follow it, fearing it and wanting it in equal measure. It had dominated their thoughts, sending them after the girl, keeping them up all night. And now they had it, at last. One of them flicked out a knife and slit the tape. How to cite The Forbidden Game: The Hunter Chapter 16, Essay examples

Christian Worldview

Question: Discuss about the Article for Christian Worldview. Answer: God is the supreme ruler, and as a supreme ruler, He rules the Kingdom in an eternal manner in which He has the complete influence. To understand the biblical notion of Kingdom, we have to analyze that it includes many ideas, such as the right to rule the kingdom, a dominion in which God is understood as a ruling authority and the exercise of that authority in reality[1]. From the perspective of the kingdom of God, the Bible has two features, the temporary aspect and the eternal aspect. The eternal aspect of Gods kingdom is understood by four important truths: first, it is eternal, second it is universal and third it is miraculous[2]. In perpetuity past, even before the angels and the men were created, the kingdom seemed to have existed, and this was because of the relationship that existed between the heavenlies and the members of trinity. God was regarded as the Sovereign and as the Father of the kingdom. God was regarded as the Son of the Universe and subordinate to the position of Father[3]. God was regarded as the executor of the orders of the Father. Thus, one may conclude that in the past, a kingdom existed which gave the power to the God to exercise his power, rule and authority that he possessed. Thus, all the rudiments that were necessary to realms were present. Kingdom is regarded as an outcome of God and the God continues his rule over the kingdom from one eternity to the other eternity. The kingdom of God was regarded as an angelic monarchy before it was developed on the kingdom of earth. The beatific hosts that were part of the kingdom worshipped and obeyed God and they were subject to the power of t he Sovereign. This continued until, Lucifer, the rebel of God had come into existence[4]. To exhibit his right to rule, God ordered his right to rule in the earthly sphere, where he would rule. God created man in the earth who was responsible for the recognition of his right to rule. It was expected out of them to recognize the right of God and to submit to his rights. The Sovereign God ruled through those whom he allocated a part of his power. They were called theocratic administrators[5]. They had the responsibility to follow the orders of God and they had the power to punish those who committed wrong against others and reward those who do well for others. Adam was regarded as the first theocratic administrator who had the responsibility to focus all the formation of God to himself so that through Him the creation might be focus to the power of God. When this kind of governance failed, Adam and Eve was expelled out of the Garden and God changed his theocratic administrator. With the end of Adams theocratic administration, God initiated a new form of management in which he used the administrator called Abraham. God promised Abraham a seed, land and a blessing. Through the new administrator, God used his right and power on earth. The Kingdom of Israel witnessed covenants of God such as the Abrahamic Covenant, Davidic Covenant, The New covenant and the Palestinian Covenant. These covenants determined the Ultimate form of the Kingdom of the God of heaven on Earth. The Prophets of the kingdom had the responsibility to glorify the kingdom of God. The Prophets of God had the responsibility to spread the message of God and this created anticipation amongst the people that the covenants shall be fulfilled in the kingdom of God. After years John, a Baptist, said, Repent, for the Kingdom of heaven is at hand, made an official proclamation. When Jesus started his administration, he made the same announcement. Jesus was rejected as a Prophet of God in his early years of his administration[6]. The reason behind this was that people could not agree to take him as God. People, however, failed to provide any justified reason for the rejection of Jesus[7]. The general belief of people was that only two paranormal powers could execute visions, Satan and God. If the people were to believe, that Jesus performed miracles with the help of God then that could be considered as a cause of their unbelief, and if he performed miracles then that may become a justified clause for their rejection. Many people rejected Jesus on the ground that he possessed the power of demons and that is why he could perform the miracles. This notion was spread amongst the people easily until Jesus was crucified. Thus one may conclude, that despite Jesus had undergone so many criticisms and was crucified, finally, it was seen that he has come to this earth to spread the message of love, care of God[8]. With the end of Jesus administration, the following questions were brought under consideration that is what shall happen to the kingdom of God in the present age? What appearance will the realm of God take in this current age? What are the necessary features of Gods realm in the present age? Jesus revealed the answer to this question in the book of Mathew, chapter 3 verse 11. He referred this as the secrets of the kingdom[9]. The secrets have been revealed in the Old Testament and the important features of a millennial kingdom have been stated in the Old Testament. However, what the Old Testament has not revealed was that an entire age will prevail between which the Messiah will offer his kingdom to Israel as the next King. Since the time Jesus was resurrected, he exhausted time with those whom He had selected teaching about the new form of kingdom and preparing his administration similar to that of the Gentile and Jew. The realm of God in the current age was formed by lecturing and spreading the word of God. This was clarified to Peter through the vision that he received in Acts 10. When Peter, refused to eat something that was unclean in compliance with the Levitical Law, he was told, Do not call anything that God has made it clean[10]. To ensure that there was no misunderstanding this statement was recurring three times. This made obvious to Peter that the differences that were intrinsic in the Levitical Law had been removed and he stated, I now realize how true it is that God does not show favouritism but accepts men from every nation who fear Him and do what is right. (vv. 34-35). After the resurrection of Jesus Christ, Peter felt free to accept and assert the gospel of Jesus Christ. In Jerusalem, the acceptance of God was granted easily. Christians have often misunderstood the relationship between Church and the Kingdom of God. For the Christians the realm of god and Church are synonymous terms of one another. In fact, they are very dissimilar from each other and the realm of God holds a higher position than Church. The main reason why Jesus came to this earth was to found the Kingdom of God. The gospels are the proof that Jesus was constantly teaching about the Kingdom of God. The twelve disciples of Jesus were sent to spread the same truth of the Kingdom of God. In gospels, use the word Church only two times. The Kingdom of God is a much wider term than Church. Church is regarded as part of the Kingdom of God and the Kingdom of God is inclusive of every area of life that is under the authority of God and rule. If God rules a home, it becomes a part of the Kingdom of God. The Kingdom of God shall include those places where things are done according to the wishes of God[11]. The main intention of God is to expand His work in every area of life since he is the creator of life. This expansion takes place in two diversified ways, one person should be born as part of His Kingdom and secondly, people are born as part of Kingdom of God through repentance and faith. Being born the second time is the only way when one can enter into the Kingdom of God. The Kingdom of God also includes those areas where the Christian has authority. Through the authority that Christians hold, that itself becomes a part of the Kingdom of God. The authority that Christians hold as part of their daily life includes family, business, church, judges and Christians. Everything that is outside the scope of kingdom of God becomes part of darkness. Moreover, Satan and evil control the darkness. Things that are part of kingdom of God is considered to be good, pure and helpful for the people. The rule of Satan is regarded as a rule of evil and is opposed to the concept of Kingdom of God[12]. Satan is regarded as a liar, a destroyer, and a destructor of good things around him. He hates God and as a part of kingdom of God, we should hate him as he hates God. The purpose of God is to end the Kingdom of God and to end the Kingdom of Satan[13]. The reason is that God thinks good for their child and Satan thinks bad for the children that God has created. Therefore, w e should follow the word of God instead of following the footprints of Satan. Instead of focusing on establishing the kingdom of God, people have focused on establishing the building of Church. For us church has become a place of retreat from the world. Instead of making the Church a place of retreat, one should focus on making it a ground for the Kingdom of God and a recruiting system[14]. The Church must recruit members for the Kingdom of God that is proclaimed in the gospel. God has sent us to become a part of his Kingdom by following his gospel and by following the preaching of Jesus. We should not relate the Kingdom of God to the Church; they are not identical to one another. Instead, we should aim at separating these two wings and we should aim at creating a more secure and a more loving kingdom of God. References: Baum, Priscilla, Catherine Crandle, Chandler James, Joshua Snyder, Benjamin Sisco, and Zhuosong Xie. "Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis." (2016). Dahlvig, Jolyn E., and Karen A. Longman. "Influences of an Evangelical Christian Worldview on Womens Leadership Development."Advances in Developing Human Resources18, no. 2 (2016): 243-259. Fraser, David A., and Anthony Campolo.Sociology through the eyes of faith. Harper Collins, 2013. Griffiths, Paul J.Philosophy and the Christian worldview: analysis, assessment and development. Edited by David Werther, and Mark D. Linville. AC Black, 2012. Huebner, Anna. "The Development of a Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Experiment for the Organic Chemistry Laboratory." (2016). Kim, David, David McCalman, and Dan Fisher. "The sacred/secular divide and the Christian worldview."Journal of business ethics109, no. 2 (2012): 203-208. Lew, Kelley Newlin, Nancy Arbauh, Paul Banach, and Gail Melkus. "Diabetes: Christian Worldview, Medical Distrust and Self-Management."Journal of religion and health54, no. 3 (2015): 1157-1172. Lindemann, Rob. "Pedagogy For Christian Worldview Formation: A Grounded Theory Study of Bible College Teaching Methods." (2016). Moorman, Sandra. "Nursing from a Christian Worldview: Being Transformed to Care."Journal of Christian Nursing32, no. 1 (2015): E1-E7. Morrow, Shad Alan. "The Effects of a Christian Academic Program on Undergraduate Biblical Christian Worldview." PhD diss., GRAND CANYON UNIVERSITY, 2015. Porter, Stanley E. "DISTINGUISHING A CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEW AND SUPPOSED CULTURAL ABSOLUTES."McMaster Journal of Theology and Ministry15 (2013): 80. Quinn, Mary E., Laura S. Foote, and Michele L. Williams. "Integrating a biblical worldview and developing online courses for the adult learner."Christian Scholar's Review41, no. 2 (2012): 163. Ryken, Philip Graham.Christian worldview: A student's guide. Crossway, 2013. Van der Walt, Barend J. "Flying on the wings of Vollenhoven's radical Christian worldview: A reconsideration of the usual typology of Christian worldviews."koers77, no. 1 (2012): 1. [1] Porter, Stanley E. "DISTINGUISHING A CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEW AND SUPPOSED CULTURAL ABSOLUTES."McMaster Journal of Theology and Ministry15 (2013): 80. [2] Dahlvig, Jolyn E., and Karen A. Longman. "Influences of an Evangelical Christian Worldview on Womens Leadership Development."Advances in Developing Human Resources18, no. 2 (2016): 243-259 [3] Fraser, David A., and Anthony Campolo.Sociology through the eyes of faith. Harper Collins, 2013 [4] Dahlvig, Jolyn E., and Karen A. Longman. "Influences of an Evangelical Christian Worldview on Womens Leadership Development."Advances in Developing Human Resources18, no. 2 (2016): 243-259 [5] Fraser, David A., and Anthony Campolo.Sociology through the eyes of faith. Harper Collins, 2013 [6] Porter, Stanley E. "DISTINGUISHING A CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEW AND SUPPOSED CULTURAL ABSOLUTES."McMaster Journal of Theology and Ministry15 (2013): 80. [7] Dahlvig, Jolyn E., and Karen A. Longman. "Influences of an Evangelical Christian Worldview on Womens Leadership Development."Advances in Developing Human Resources18, no. 2 (2016): 243-259 [8] Fraser, David A., and Anthony Campolo.Sociology through the eyes of faith. Harper Collins, 2013 [9] Griffiths, Paul J.Philosophy and the Christian worldview: analysis, assessment and development. Edited by David Werther, and Mark D. Linville. AC Black, 2012. [10] Dahlvig, Jolyn E., and Karen A. Longman. "Influences of an Evangelical Christian Worldview on Womens Leadership Development."Advances in Developing Human Resources18, no. 2 (2016): 243-259 [11] Griffiths, Paul J.Philosophy and the Christian worldview: analysis, assessment and development. Edited by David Werther, and Mark D. Linville. AC Black, 2012. [12] Dahlvig, Jolyn E., and Karen A. Longman. "Influences of an Evangelical Christian Worldview on Womens Leadership Development."Advances in Developing Human Resources18, no. 2 (2016): 243-259 [13] Van der Walt, Barend J. "Flying on the wings of Vollenhoven's radical Christian worldview: A reconsideration of the usual typology of Christian worldviews."koers77, no. 1 (2012): 1. [14] Griffiths, Paul J.Philosophy and the Christian worldview: analysis, assessment and development. Edited by David Werther, and Mark D. Linville. AC Black, 2012.

The Importance of Deductive Reasoning Essay Sample free essay sample

It is of import to understand what is known anterior to doing a determination because the determination could be either incorrect or right. Making determinations at times can be a difficult thing to make. There are many pros and cons for determination devising. In argument five To Cheat or Not to Cheat Jenna has a large determination to do. She has to make up ones mind whether or non she wants to go on her category by being honest or to rip off because it will assist her out in the terminal. Her determination can ensue in failure for the category or if she can prep herself to make better she can go through this category. If she doesn’t think about what the effects can be she will turn to rip offing because it is an easy flight. Making determinations can besides come with effects if you don’t do the right pick. We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Deductive Reasoning Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Peoples make picks by impulse which normally comes with a negative wages. Jenna needs to make up ones mind what is right for her instead than what Cyndi thinks she should make. If Jenna happened to rip off she would neglect the category and have to recapture it. Her best stake is to clasp down and make the work herself. With her doing the right pick can profit her in many ways like cognizing that she did the work herself and didn’t darnel. Cheating can go forth a large bit on your shoulder and she wouldn’t have that if she was honorable and did her work by herself. Jenna can put aside an sum of clip where she can analyze every twenty-four hours and still hold clip to take attention of her sick parent. Making this can is a good determination so she can still make things she needs to make around the house. A few hours of analyzing a twenty-four hours can assist convey up her class. That is the better wages instead than rip offing her manner through school. The function of deductive logical thinking in the determination devising procedure is that deductive logical thinking are true statements that gets right to the point that needs to be made. When doing determinations deductive logical thinking should be used because it doesn’t round around the shrub. Deductive concluding gives true premises and this can ensue in a true decision. For Jenna the true premiss is that if she cheats she can neglect her category. Or if she does the work herself this can ensue in a passing class. Jenna shouldn’t even have rip offing in one of her determinations because this can be a ill thought out pick. She needs to utilize deductive logical thinking in doing the right pick. If she cheats this can truly ache her and it can ache her class. If the premises are true in her determination so it is clear and her decision can be made. Making a determination can be hard but if she has true facts this determination can easy be made. She will non experie nce guilty if she cheats and that can do her feel proud that she did the work by herself. The procedure of deductive logical thinking assistance in understanding an statement devising certain that the statements are all true. If non so it is non deductive logical thinking. A procedure that goes along with deductive logical thinking is syllogism. Syllogism takes two conditional statements and so comes to a decision based on that. This can be as an assistance to do a good determination. If Jenna darnels. so she will neglect this category. If she fails this category she will hold to recapture it. If she cheats she will hold to recapture this category. This is a syllogism in her instance. Understanding deductive logical thinking is a good manner to do good determinations. Knowing the right procedure can do you more knowing about determination devising. It is easy to do a incorrect determination because you don’t believe about the rights and wrongs. In Jenna’s instance she needs to truly believe about doing the right determination which is clearly non rip offing. If she ends of allowing her friend because she didn’t take her advice to rip off so she wasn’t a good friend anyhow.

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buy custom First and Second Amendment essay Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. (Chips Quinn Scholars, 2011) The above quotation was a part of the first Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America. The First Amendment came into being because the citizens of the United States of America were uncertain and wanted a guarantee of the basic rights and freedoms. The First Amendment gave the protection of freedom of speech, media, religious rights, and political progress. (Chips Quinn Scholars, 2011) The First Amendment was a medium through which the religious minorities were protected. They could not be prosecuted or oppressed as now it was the governments responsibility to protect them. Also the press was given the possibility of change and was now able to raise the protests or support movements. It also obtained the freedom for political activism. (Chips Quinn Scholars, 2011) The First Amendment guaranteed the rights that the government of the United States of America had forgotten to include in the Constitution. Though there are questions raised on whether this Amendment was significant, nonetheless, it later went on to bring about the Bill of Rights. The Second Amendment comes on as a complete change. The Second Amendment was a medium of much discussion between the people and the government officials. There was a concern in the society relating to the violence and the increasing crime rate. Those which supported gun control began severe opposition against it because according to them this Amendment only led to more trouble for the country. Gun control is one issue which has plagued the history of the United States to much extreme and this Amendment was just the start of what was later to come. On one side there were people who detested the idea of guns used by individuals as this led to the increase in the crime in the society? On the other hand, there were those who believed that owning a gun was an automatic right of the people as it was a tool for self-defence. The Second Amendment reads: A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. The increasing problems in the country were a reason why the government agreed to pass out this amendment allowing the usage of guns and carrying around them by the individuals for self-protection. However, much of the debate around the Second Amendment is based upon the phrasing of this Amendment. It is this reason why it is considered as a very controversial Amendment. However, there has been much debate relating to the part about firearms in the Second Amendment. Even without considering it there is still much that does not get along well with the masses. In linking the First and Second Amendments, scholars have also connected the dissent-promoting values of each, suggesting that they apparently more than the other amendments are focused on empowering individuals to resist goverrnment oppression. For example, it has been argued that because the Second Amendment, like the First one, is designed to protect dissent regarding gun registration requirements, the assault-weapons ban are unconstitutional. This dissent focused, functionalist account is distinguishable from the leading alternative explanations: self-defence for the Second Amendment, self-actualization for the First. (Blocher, 2009) Gun control has been an important issue in the history of the United States. There have always been arguments for and against it. It was the Second Amendment which gave the first formal decision on this issue. Also the press has the right to publicly right what they believe to be through via sources they need not declare. The Amendments also highlight that there is freedom of religion and therefore, there is no such thing as state religion. Therefore, the First and the Second Amendments were interrelated. They were in agreement with the others in the way that the First Amendment ensured that the people were free and could exercise their rights of freedom of speech and the Second Amendment made sure that they had the means to use it as well. The Second Amendment actually promotes the idea of the First Amendment and reinforces the message put forward by it. This message is that everyone has the right to speak up. If the government tries to oppress the people, then the Second Amendment provides them with the tools to defend themselves. All of this with respect to the gun control movement is extremely significant. To conclude, despite the opposition, these two Amendments went on in History as the first two changes made to the constitution showing that there was really need for them. Buy custom First and Second Amendment essay

Advice for Women Who Want to Become Truckers

Advice for Women Who Want to Become Truckers Everyone may tell you it’s a â€Å"man’s job,† but that’s just not true. It doesn’t have to be, anyway. And there’s such a huge demand for truck drivers now; you should absolutely take advantage of these opportunities if you’re interested and suited to them. Here are three major tips for women want to become truckers and are  trying to enter the industry.Believe in yourselfThe so-called â€Å"Confidence Gap† between men and women is well-acknowledged at this point. So many men go through the world and the workforce with this added sense of deserving what they get, particularly when they have a bit of experience or skill. Channel that. You’re probably just as qualified- if not more so- so go into the application process with that confidence. The industry will welcome you.Ask for helpYou won’t be the only woman in the trucking industry. Many brave and competent women have paved the way for you. Check in with Women in Trucking (WIT). Their website has a ton of information and resources you can rely on in your quest. You’re not alone. You have powerful allies out there just waiting to help you achieve your goals.Go where you’re most wantedYou’re going to need training. Choose a training school that has a mix of both men and women on their staff. Roadmasters Driving School is a good place to start; they’ve got several female directors running schools for them, and would be a great environment for you to study to pass your CDL (Class A Commercial Driver’s License) exam. If you chose a place that respects you, you’ll be able to take advantage of all the help that institution has to offer to help get you on your way.

Law Legal Research and Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Law Legal Research and Research Methods - Essay Example Palestinians on the other hand alleged Israel of continuously breaching Palestinian rights. There is nothing like a separate Palestinian people who are different from other Arabs were the conventional Israeli outlook. This was in the least assumed to be historical. The boundaries of historic Palestine and bordering countries were randomly fixed and there are already a number of Arab nations. Consequently it is irrational to stipulate that Israel should have any liability or part in instituting a nation for them. The Israeli Prime Minister (1969-74) Golda Meir in his famous statement summarized as: "There was no such thing as Palestinians ... It was not as though there was a Palestinian people in Palestine considering itself as a Palestinian people and we came and threw them out and took their country away from them. They did not exist." Some Arab leaders also expressed the same views. In addition to this evidence shows that during the British era when restriction on Jewish colonization to Palestine prevailed, unrestricted Arab migration/immigration to Palestine had taken p lace. Many Arabs have backed up and some carry on affirming the formation of a united Arab state covering all Arab peoples which includes Palestine. This would result in the non-existence of a separate Palestinian state. But this view became a minority perspective among Palestinians during the British Mandate, and began to disappear after 1948 However this opinion is still conveyed often in the Arab states outside Palestine particularly in Syria due to its adhesion to the Greater Syria Movement, launched in 1944 to constitute a "Syrian Arab" state which would include Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Palestine. But this view and its development has become improbable under present political reality. Even those who wanted to favour it in some situations back up an independent Palestinian state as the most

International Relations Theory Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Relations Theory - Assignment Example This calls for less or no controls from the concerned governments thus eliminating government controls. The consumers are also free to choose the products and services they want from anywhere in the world. The international market exhibits such trends. This makes it possible for many countries to prefer capitalism to other ideologies such as communism. For those two reasons, capitalism and universal consumer culture sets a stage for liberal internationalism where individual choice to sell or buy is respected. The final engine is the democratization of governments across the world. Democracy entails self-rule forming a government of the people by the people where majority choice rules. The enjoyment of rights and freedoms that are seen in democratic governments constitute liberal practices in political structures (Marks, 1-19). Democratization works best if the state is ‘strong’. What does that mean? The formation of state is entrenched in there being a unified civil society and as such, the state remains imperative if civility in society is to be sustained. The people in a state do try their best not to harm the rights of others while they exercise theirs. This kind of scenario presents democracy where the rights and freedoms of others are respected and upheld. Without the exercise of upholding other people’s rights and freedoms and letting the people make their choice, there would not be democracy. For people to engage in democratic practices, there must be a civil society that is stable, sensitive to the rights and freedoms of others, and preservation of liberty, property and life of the people is upheld. For the stability of society, the state needs to operate within the limits of natural laws and civil laws. The need to become democratized emanates from the fact that people within a state demand that single interests be eliminated and the tyranny be checked for the b enefit of majority. A strong state has all the mechanism needed to establish civil obedience, upholds rights and freedoms of the people, the faults of the civil society can be corrected, and the state has the capacity and necessary authority to act that way. Strong civil society, stable governments, and strong civil structures in terms of institutions are better recipes for democratization as opposed to anarchy. Anarchy breeds tyranny. Democracy is constituted when limits to power is realized, mutual relations between the state and civil society are established, rule of law is upheld, constitutionalism promoted, and freedom and rights of all people are equally promoted through democratic participation, thus a strong state with functional democracy (Marks 1-19). What do realists think about ‘China’s rise’ and its implications for international order? The rise of China will transform the East Asia and this influence is set to spread to other parts of the world. Chi na’s take on international matters will be stronger and will bring about a huge drama. The rise of china is seen towards the direction of superpower

Video game violence Essay Example for Free

Video game violence Essay Video Game Violence Law Poses Questions, is an editorial located in the online magazine V Planet. Vance Velez, the author of the controversial issue, opposes the Washington law involving specific forms of video game violence, which is on the verge of being passed in the Legislature. He successfully persuades his audience that the Washington law limits people’s rights and that they should take a stand against the proposed law. His audience includes people who are in favor of the Washington law, concerned parents, and adult video gamers that oppose the Washington law, who are, in his definition, those 18 or older. Those who are in favor of the law may include politicians, or mothers who can relate to influential violence on children. Adult video gamers are those who enjoy playing video games as a favorite pastime, just like golf or aerobics, for most Americans. â€Å"Its no argument that video games are becoming more violent†, states Velez. â€Å"Many parents and politicians oppose the violence; some even want to get these kind of video games banned. † A politician who opposes this specific form of violence is Mary Lou Dickerson. Mary Lou Dickerson is a State Legislator who has proposed a law to restrict certain violent material in video games. The proposed law, which is quoted in the editorial, states: Levies a fine up to 500 dollars on anyone who rents or sells to someone 17 or younger computer games in which the player kills or injures a human form that is depicted as a public law enforcement officer. Police officers and firefighters are included in that classification. † Velez addresses many flaws in the proposed law in detail and also explains some consequences that may occur if the law is passed. Vance Velez is the author of many editorials that appear on this online magazine. His broad knowledge of video games allows him to pinpoint the main problems of the law. He successfully persuades people that are in favor of the law, that it may, in the long run, actually harm our youth. The authors main argument throughout the editorial is backed by issuing a series of examples how many games that do not endanger young children, may be banned because of a faulty law. He mentions that passing the law will limit people’s rights and may also act as a gateway law, to limit others rights. â€Å"If they take away our right to have fun and view what we enjoy, then what else will they take away when violence is still present in our society? † Vance Velez explains in detail why people should oppose the Washington law on video games. Although he does introduce and define many terms involving video games, he expects the reader to at least have some knowledge about video games. He addresses many games, like Simcity and Grand Theft Auto, which have been in the mainstream lately; therefore, readers must be up to date with video games and must be familiar with certain type of video games in order to understand the author’s references. Velez addresses adult video gamers and let’s them know that their precious games may be lost, so he urges them to take action and protest this pending law. Velez opposes the Washington law because it violates people’s rights. Velez stand that taking away things mature Americans enjoy would be a crime in itself because it violates the Freedom of Speech rights. In his definition a mature American is a person who knows right from wrong. He states, â€Å"The Washington law, because it’s built on fear of the unknown and lack of communication, fails to recognize the freedom of speech rights. † The author uses logos by referring to people’s values of their rights. The author opens the first paragraph with a question, Whats the right way to protect children from violence? He appeals to those who are against video game violence and lets them know that he wants safety for our youth with the use of good reasons. He gains trust from this audience by showing he wants things for the better. His definition of children includes those who have a sense of right and wrong but are still easily influenced. He believes that video games arent harming children; its some other factor that is the reason why video games are harming very young kids, such as lack of parent guidance and discipline. Velez talks about this later on in his editorial. He then uses pathos to appeal to the feelings of concerned parents, and those who are in favor of the Washington law, as he states, â€Å"This is the fourth time that politicians have tried to pass laws regulating violent content in video games. † This audience sees how helpless and unsuccessful the government is when it comes to passing these types of laws. This audience feels sorry for the government, they sort of look down at them shame. Those who are in favor of the Washington law may begin to think that people who can’t make up their minds organize our country. They may start to question the proposed law and wonder if it too, will fail. Velez quotes Mary Lou Dickerson, who explains what the state legislator actually thinks about video games in response to a lawsuit. The lawsuit filed today against Washingtons ban on sales or rentals of cop-killing games to children comes as no surprise. Certain elements of the video-game industry clearly want the right to sell any game, no matter how brutal, racist or sick, to any child, no matter how young. Velez rebuts this argument by initially stating it’s in violation of Freedom of Speech rights. â€Å"Politicians are actually trying to ban violent video games which are a pastime that many adult Americans enjoy. † By adult, Velez states that he means, â€Å"Those people who are 18 or older. † He persuades this audience to take action by standing up against the law. Velez remarks, â€Å"Taking away an individuals right to have fun and enjoy video games can be argued as a violation. † The author is addressing adult gamers when he states this because they have the ability to stand up against such laws. The author’s statements threaten adult gamers and make them have a sense of danger that their lives are being controlled. Velez begins his argument by mentioning games that are â€Å"harmless†, in his opinion, which may be banned because they violate the grounds of the Washington law. His example of the game Simcity, appeals to logos and ethos by explaining how an educational game would be in violation of the law. He says, â€Å"In the game of Simcity, you can cause a minor disaster in your city by causing a tornado, an earthquake or a flood. These disasters can destroy the police station or fire department, which would be in violation of the proposed Washington law. † His audiences are those who are for the Washington law and concerned parents when he explains how â€Å"innocent† games, according to Velez, are the victims of the proposed law. He persuades them by making them realize not all â€Å"violent video games† are harmful to children. I think if this audience is familiar with the game of Simcity, they would agree that it is not a violent game, but the author makes them realize that their values will be lost if the law passes, by the use of pathos. Many video gamers would find this offensive because they arent able to enjoy their â€Å"innocent† games. The audience’s emotions are being involved in this paragraph with the use of pathos. The author’s ethos is clarified once his familiarity and expertise with video games begin to show and as he introduces situations that are possible once the law is passed. In another example of a harmful video game, the definition according the Washington law, Velez introduces the game Rampage, where giant gorillas and lizards destroy cities, similar to King Kong. The author explains that in the game the animals are capable of crushing police stations and police cars. Rampage, which attracts gamers between the ages of eight and sixteen, would be in violation of the Washington law. The author introduces the silliness of the Washington law. He makes the audience realize that highly fictional characters arent harmful to children; however, he states, â€Å"In the governments eyes, they will make children grow up to be terrorists. † Velez describes the many holes the proposed law contains. Those who are for the Washington law are persuaded with logos in this situation because they believe it is only fair for children or even adults to have fun if the game is completely safe. They may also think of other forms of entertainment that may also be involved with this kind of law. They imagine other situations where law enforcement officers are portrayed or killed, such as in numerous movies such as, â€Å"Robin Hood† and â€Å"Lethal Weapon†. Why arent these issues being addressed? Are video games that much worse than violent movies and plays? In his last paragraph, Velez explains his beliefs involving the problems of violent video games. His finger points to government and most importantly, the childrens parents. He explains that parents have the responsibility to judge what their child sees and hears. Some adult audiences might find his accusation offensive and may get turned off by his remarks, because they are blunt and obtrusive. An example of this is when he remarks, â€Å"The parents should be responsible enough to monitor their children and make sure that that particular game does not enter the console (videogame system) itself. † Reasonable adult audiences may actually listen to hear what the author is trying to get across. His use of logos appeals to those who are in favor of the Washington law because he makes them think about how parents could be the source of the problem. They may agree that parents need to be on the look out for what is safe and unsafe for their children. Velez explains that parents allow children to play violent video games that influence children to do harm which portray video games as the main source of the problem. â€Å"Its easier to blame an image or machine than it is to blame people†, Velez said. The â€Å"parent† problem may make more sense to his opposing audience if they arent biased and read the editorial with an open mind. In conclusion, Vance Velez was very familiar with his topic, which gave him enough credibility to persuade those in his audience who are in favor of the Washington law, to think twice about their position and possibly accept his belief, that passing the Washington law is a mistake. He’s also successful at convincing adult gamers, those 18 or older, to take action against the proposed Washington law. His arguments were well thought out and convincing by using logos and pathos. However, his alternative to the Washington law was a bit broad and didn’t really include a solution. He identified the problems that might occur if the law is passed, such as the loss of Freedom of Speech Rights, but he had no feedback on how else to deal with the situation. I believe author’s overall argument was persuading even though he didn’t include a proposed solution.

Genetically Modified Foods Essay -- GMOs, Genetically Modified Crops

Genetically Modified Foods With an ever-growing population and the problems of world hunger, there has been a high demand for an increased food supply and a better food supply. Technology has been called upon to meet this challenge. The advent of genetically engineered foods, sometimes called transgenic crops or genetically modified foods, is not a new concept, but the controversy over it is. Can these "frankenfoods" be harmful to humans? What are their effects on the environment? The following paper will focus on such questions as well as providing a better understanding of what genetically modified foods are and how they should be regulated. What are genetically modified foods? Although traditional plant breeding has been around for ages, the development of recombinant DNA techniques have offered a wide range of valuable genes and methods of inserting them into the plant genomes. Two major advances in molecular biology have resulted in new plant breeding technology: "The construction of genetic maps saturated with DNA markers, and the subsequent design of relatively simple PCR-based assays to facilitate the selection of desired alleles at closely linked loci and the resulting development of plant lines with desired combinations of traits; The cloning and DNA sequencing of specific genes, the reassembly of specific DNA fragments into functional chimeric genes, and the transfer of such genes to single plant cells from which complete plants can be regenerated via cell and tissue culture." (Conner et. al, 1999) It is the second method of breeding that has come into the most light recently and offers the opportunity to develop a wide variety of new crop cultivars. Transgenic plants are usually made up of a gene... ...ally engineered crops. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. Vol. 10, 1999. Pp. 298-302. OCDE (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). Consensus document on general information concerning the genes and their enzymes that confer tolerance to glyphosphate herbicide.1999. http://www.oecd.org/ehs/ehsmono/#BIO Snow, Allison and Pedro Moran Palma. Commercialization of transgenic plants: potential ecological risks. BioScience. Vol. 47, Feb. 1997. Pp. 86-96. Steinbrecher, Ricarda A. From green to gene evolution: the environmental risks of genetically engineered crops. The Ecologist. Vol. 26, Nov./Dec., 1996. Pp. 273-281. 14. Traynor, Patricia and James H. Westwood, Eds. Proceedings of a workshop on: ecological effects of pest resistance genes in managed ecosystems (Jan. 31-Feb. 3, 1999). Information Systems for Biotechnology. http://www.isb.vt.edu

France vs. England 17th Century Essay

There are mainly two types of governments that emerged during the seventeenth century. Most of the political development took place in France and England. Absolute monarchy took over throughout France while constitutionalism, or parliamentary monarchy, was becoming popular in England between 1640 and 1780. France’s absolute monarchy developed because of the nobles and kings focused on the concept of divine right. England, on the other hand, developed through the businessmen and landowners trying to prevent the central concentration of political power. These governments grasped the attention of philosophers, leaders, and churches. Eventually, both would develop and influence the modern world today in Europe and the Americas. France was very popular at the time for creating the idea of kings reigning by divine right. This perception was that the ruler of a specific country was put there by God. It was their divine right to be there because they were performing the work of God. The king’s subjects were not to question the decisions of the king because it was God’s will; and who can question God? King Louis XIV was the most influential towards divine rights. He expected to be treated like a god because he was His representative on earth. Louis XIV was supported by Bishop Jacques-Bà ©nigne Bossuet, who was the leader of French Catholicism in the seventeenth century. He used examples from the New Testament of rulers who were only answerable to God. Popes had insisted since the medieval times that they could only be judged by God. Bossuet and Louis XIV then argued that only God had the right to judge kings. In England, there was a lot of turmoil between the reigning monarchs and large landowners. English monarchs tried to copy France with their financial system that did not  depend heavily on the estates, diets, or assemblies of nobles. By doing this, it helped to grant French monarchs absolute rule. While easily achieved in France, the English monarchy failed royally. James I of England also tried to achieve the divine right of kings. He wanted to lessen parliament’s power and called on them for help as little as possible. Without the help of parliament, James I had to find other means of revenue. He quickly angered his subjects because of England’s inadequate income; he threatened nobles, large landowners, and those of commercial wealth for money. James I and the Duke of Buckingham also sold royal patronage to the highest bidders. These  were some of the key factors that led to the distrust of the English monarchs. In contrast, King Louis XIV gained the trust of his people and nobles with ease. He would entertain nobles at Versailles, his personal twenty-six acre home. He would then grant them tax exemptions, wealth, and social standing if they supported him. The French nobility found the best way to protect and promote their interests was to support the reigning monarch. Instead of depending on the wealth of the nobles, he made the nobles dependent on him. He proclaimed that, â€Å"the state is me,† or in other words, that France existed for him. Louis XIV also promoted that there should be â€Å"one king, one law, one faith.† This helped him gain the loyalty of the Roman Catholics who wanted to restore Catholicism as the prominent religion in Europe. English monarchs also botched in establishing absolute mona rchy because of religion. Protestant became the leading religion among the English. Protestants believed that Sunday should be full of religious observances and very little leisure or recreation. James I believed that recreation and sports were innocent activities and permitted them to be played on Sunday, which infuriated the Protestant religions. Because of a few other miss happenings, a Protestant movement known as Puritanism was established. This was a nonpolitical force that opposed absolutism and sought to limit political authority and eventually overturn it. There were also Puritans in France that tried to rebel but their efforts were crushed by Louis XIV and the Roman Catholics who enforced religious uniformity. England also differed from France because of the creation of the Bill of Rights. After the Glorious Revolution, when James II fled to France, England put William and Mary of Orange on the throne. Though they were the new reigning monarchs, Parliament issued the Bill of Rights that limited powers of the monarchy and guaranteed the civil liberties of the English classes. William and Mary signed the Bill of Rights that would let them rule only by the consent of Parliament. From the beginning of their reign in 1689, they brought many economic and military resources into balance with the French and would eventually top France as the powerhouse of Europe. In Comparing French and English political development, the b eliefs of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke perfectly illustrate the differences between absolute and parliamentary governments. Hobbes was a strict supporter to absolutism and complete control. Locke was a supporter of constitutionalism  and protecting the natural rights of humans. Both of these philosophers, being completely opposite in view from the other, is the classic battle that has gone on forever and still exists today; the fight for power and the fight for freedom. Thomas Hobbes was a very talented and depressing political philosopher. He had discouragingly low view on values and the natural state of humans. Hobbes believed that the human race was so wicked and power stricken that they were cast out of paradise into the earth. To Hobbes, as expressed in the Leviathan, human nature was based on physical sensations and lust for power. One of his famous sayings was, â€Å"life is war of every man against every man.† This is why he thought that human beings must be controlled by absolute authority. The individuals should be told every choice to make and constrained by one supreme ruler that holds all power. Hobbes thought that rulers should have unlimited power because, â€Å"the dangers of anarchy are always greater than those of tyranny.† J ohn Locke, known as the defender of moderate liberty and toleration, had almost the exact opposite views as Hobbes. Locke viewed human beings in their natural state as being creatures of goodwill and reason. He believed that humans were divine creatures put on earth by God to learn from it and make it useful. Locke wrote the Essay Concerning Human Understanding that described the mind as being a blank slate at birth. As a person grows the development of who they become is based on their surroundings and those around them. Hobbes idea that humans are all evil is rebuked by Locke saying that people are not born evil. Their surroundings, experiences, and influences are what develop evil tendencies. Locke also wrote the Two Treatises of Government. The first described his distaste of absolutism. With too much power, he argued that there would be no freedom for anyone in the condition of absolute monarchy. The second treatise he described the natural and God given rights of humans. Among them were the natural rights of life, liberty, and property. Those ideas were used throughout history and in the Declaration of Independence. Another belief of his was that governments exist to protect liberty and the natural state of people not to overcome them. Locke was a very influential philosopher who greatly impressed many future generations with his political philosophical insight. Overall, the development of both absolute and parliamentary governments greatly affected Europe. The battles between France and England  to have a stable government caused chaos throughout both countries. If anything, the Europeans learned many ways how not to run a country. Both countries and the development of differing monarchies set an example for many other countries. France created a strong absolute government as an example for rulers all over the world on how to have complete control of people. England eventually came around and with the help of the people created parliamentary government. The concept of constitutionalism was even a model for constructing the American administration. Currently the battle between power and freedom still goes on and will continue as long as there are people like Thomas Hobbes and John Locke who argue for their beliefs.

Barrows and Pickell model of problem solving Essay

INTRODUCTION This is a case study concerning a patient presenting with low abdominal pain, frequent micturation and dysuria. I will discuss the consultation and show how I used the problem solving consultation style detailed by Alison Crumbie. This involves listening to the patients’ initial complaint and developing hypothetical diagnosis. Focused questioning and clinical examination and investigations will then be used to eliminate some of the initial hypotheses. The patients’ perspective of their problem will be addressed and the synthesis of gathered information will enable the practitioner to arrive at a differential diagnosis and to agree on a treatment plan with the patient so that they can manage their problem. I currently work as a Nurse Practitioner in General Practice in East London. I provide first contact appointments for patients registered with the practice each morning on a walk-in basis. I am a non medical prescriber and generate prescriptions for patients. I work autonomously within my agreed scope of practice and am supported by the structure of a small organisation of professional clinical and administrative staff. The patient , whom I will call Sue, presented in the walk-in Surgery and told me she had had three days of stinging pain on passing urine, increased frequency of passing water and intermittent low abdominal discomfort. She also said that she had a water infection three months previously and that she thought that she now had the same problem. She had tried over the counter (OTC) medications and had increased the amount of fluids she drank with little effect. She said that her abdominal pain reduced after taking paracetamol but reoccurred after a few hours. She requested a prescription of the same antibiotics she had last time she had this problem. Forming the initial conceptMy first impression of Sue was that she was smartly dressed, of normal weight, looked physically well and did not appear to be distressed. She attended alone and I could see from her patient record that she was 25 years old. After introducing myself I asked her two opening questions – ‘how can I help you’ and ‘what brings you here today’. I find by combining open and closed questions in this manner it helps the patient be more focused on their presenting compliant than by using either of these  opening questions alone. I try not to interrupt the patient as they respond and so give them the opportunity to relate what they think the problem is and what it is they think I can do to help them manage this problem. Sue told me that she got a burning pain on passing urine and thought that she had cystitis. She told me that last time she had a similar problem she was given antibiotics tablets. Sue told me that she had tried to self manage with OTC medications for pain relief and for cystitis for the past 2 days but had had no lasting relief from symptoms. She said that a few hours after taking paracetamol her pain returned. My initial concept was of an articulate, well dressed woman, who had decided that she was experiencing a urinary tract infection (UTI), who had tried unsuccessfully to manage her symptoms her self and was now requesting assistance from a health care professional. She appeared systemically well to me but possibly had cystitis. Generating multiple hypothesesA provisional explanation for the patients’ problems could now be attempted. It is important to think as widely as possible about potential causes to generate broad hypotheses which can then be narrowed down with focused enquiry and investigations (Crumbie et all) The quality of hypotheses is dependent on the practitioners experience in eliciting information from the patient and in translating this information into a number of potential scenarios. It is important that the information offered by the patient is understood correctly and not translated badly by the practitioner. For example a patient may say they felt sick and the practitioner understands this as feeling nauseated whilst the patient meant they felt generally unwell. I hypothesised that Sue could be suffering from Cystitis (uncomplicated UTI) , pylonephritis (ascending UTI), eptopic pregnancy, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) or constipation. On later reflection I realized I could have though about interstitial cystitis, appendicitis and renal calculi. My multiple hypotheses for this patient are presented in Table 1. Formulating an Inquiry StrategySue had told me that she had pain on passing urine and as I focused my questioning she told me her urine appeared darker in colour than normal and smelled different than usual. She described the pain as stinging and said that it was provoked by micturating and relieved a minute or so after she stopped urinating. I asked her to point to where the pain was in her abdomen and she indicated the suprapubic region. She gauged the pain to be level 6 on a pain scale of 0-10 without analgesia but did say it was relieved by analgesia and resolved to a feeling of pressure rather than pain at that time. Back/loin pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and frank haematuria are all more common with pylonephritis. Sue denied any of these symptoms which made it less likely as a diagnosis ultimately. .On enquiry Sue told me that she used Depo- Provera injections for contraception and dysmenorrhoea and consequently did not menstruate. She also denied any spotting of blood. Her last injection was given in practice 40 days previously and by reviewing her notes I could see her history showed timely attendance for these injections. Although I knew that both dysuria and suprapubic pain can be experience in both normal early pregnancy and in eptopic pregnancy, and that cystitis is more common in pregnant women, I felt I could now discount pregnancy as a cause of her symptoms due to her contraceptive history. I then asked her about her sexual history. Sue told me that she was currently celibate and had not had a sexual relationship for one year. I She told me she had never experienced genital herpes so I felt able to discount STI at this stage. I enquired about her bowel habits and Sue told me that she had passed a soft stool that morning as was her normal routine and that there had been no recent change to bowel actions. This made a diagnosis of constipation less  likely. Whilst enquiring about her symptoms I used Mortens PQRST structured clinical questioning mnemonic. This enabled me to focus my questions and to analyse symptoms and Sues responses. It is especially useful when assessing symptoms of pain and enabled me to detail a focused history of her complaint. I have used this technique extensively since commencing Nurse Practitioner training and have found it easy to remember and that it adds a structure to my questioning that was previously lacking. Incorporating the patients perspectiveFollowing the above questioning, I went on to discuss with Sue her own concept and concerns regarding her presenting complaint. I asked Sue what she thought was causing her problem, what she thought was required to rectify the problems and what could help prevent reoccurrence. She told me that she was sure that she had another episode of cystitis and that she needed antibiotics. Applying appropriate clinical skillsI began with a general inspection of Sue’s external appearance ,her tone of voice and articulation. I recorded her vital signs. She was apyrexial @ 35.6 Celsius and normatensive @ 120/70. Respiratory rate was 12/min and pulse rate 80 bpm. These results are within normal limits for a person of her age. I performed near patient testing in the surgery with urine dip stick testing. This showed a positive response to nitrates and leukocytes. I did not have facilities for near patient pregnancy testing, and on reflection would not have performed one at this time in this case due to her contraceptive history. I chose not to send a test off to the laboratory for pregnancy testing for the same rational. Sue declined an internal exam at this time. I noted from records that Sue had not had a smear test so I offered to do this at this time. After explanation Sue agreed to this. I asked Sue to undress from the waist down and to lie on the examination coach. I ensured that she was comfortable screened and relaxed before commencing the exam. I examined her abdomen using the process taught in Nurse Practitioner  training and described by ( Bickly 2005). I noted her abdomen was of normal appearance with what appeared to be an appendicectomy scar. Sue confirmed that she had had her appendix removed as a child. I auscilated for bowel sounds in the four quadrants and as these were heard and of normal tone I was able to rule out an acute abdominal problem. I then percussed her abdomen and found no change to expected tympani. This helped confirm the patient’s opinion that she was not constipated and after palpation of a soft abdomen I was able to discount this hypothesis at this stage. When I palpated her suprapubic region Sue complained of discomfort, this tenderness is indicative of bladder inflammation. Palpation of the costovertebral angles induced no pain response from Sue and as I recalled her vital signs and presenting history I felt able to exclude pylonephritis also. I then began an exam of Sue’s external genitalia looking for swelling, ulcer, lacerations or discharge. Inflammation and discharge are common with Candida and other vaginal infections. Genital herpes causes ulcerated areas and scratching can cause minor skin lacerations. This external exam was normal. I continued with the vaginal examination. Using a bimanual technique I first felt for Sue’s cervix and palpated it from side to side looking for a positive chandelier sign. If there is infection in the uterus this test can elicit pain. Sue did not have any pain on testing. I then inserted the speculum and examined the vaginal walls for signs of injury or discharge. This was also normal, inspection of the cervix and of the os showed no discharge and this combined with a negative chandelier sign now made the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease less likely. I performed a smear test and took samples for HVS and Chlamydia testing. My initial hypotheses of cystitis now seemed most likely as the cause of symptoms. During this examination sequence I was reminded to consider appendicitis as a hypothesis in the future with this set of presenting symptoms. Developing the problem synthesisWhen I considered the presenting problem, my history and examination findings, and compared them with my original hypotheses I found that I was able to eliminate some at this stage. As Sue had no fever, nausea, haematuria or costovertebral pain I discounted pylonephritis. Bowel history and examinations were normal so constipation was also discounted. As Sue had a record of in date contraceptive cover with an injectable contraceptive and denied sexual intercourse I discounted pregnancy. Although I was aware that Pelvic inflammatory disease could account for her symptoms, examination findings had not supported these hypotheses and were all negative at this stage. When I reviewed the consultation at this stage, recalling the positive urine dip test, the suprapubic tenderness and the patient’s history I was able to be confident that to proceed with the differential diagnosis of cystitis was most appropriate. Diagnostic decision makingMy differential diagnosis was cystitis .I made a differential diagnosis of cystitis for the following reasons:Previous episodeDysuria – pain on micturation and frequencyLow abdominal pain – provoked by palpation of suprapubic areaNo systemic signs/ vital signs normalNo red flags – haematuria, pregnancy, recent change of sexual partnerPositive urine test for nitrates and leukocytesTherapeutic decision makingSue had come to surgery with the idea the she required antibiotics to treat her self diagnosed cystitis. She wanted her health care provider to facilitate this request. She had tried self management and used OTC preparations before presenting in surgery. This showed me that she was motivated in trying to achieve resolution of her problem. As these measures had not been successful in this instance we could agree a short course of oral antibiotics would be an appropriate treatment plan. As I had access to Sues health record I could see that she had been prescribed trimethoprin previously. Sue confirmed that she had no side effects from this medication and that she was willing to take it. As there were no contraindications for  prescribing trimethoprin for this patient I issued her with a prescription for 1 x 200mg tablet, twice a day for three days. This is in line with prodigy guidance and local prescribing policy. As this was the treatment plan Sue had originally requested I was confident of concordance. I discussed with Sue some steps she could take to try and prevent reoccurrence of infection. These includes toilet hygiene (front to back wiping), post-coital micturation, regular voiding and reiterated early symptom self help measures with increased fluid intake and OTC cystitis remedies. I also provided Sue with a printed Patient Information Leaflet about self help measure for women with cystitis. I advised Sue that she should find her symptoms improving within the next 24 hours and asked to return to either the practice or the NHS Walk in Centre (depending on hours of opening) if she had no improvement in 48 hours or if her symptoms changed and she became feverish or pain increased. I explained that these could be signs that the infection was moving up towards her kidneys and that this would require urgent review. I explained that I had given her an antibiotic which would work for the majority of infections but that on some occasions is not effective and a different antibiotic is necessary. I provided her with this information so that she could make sense of any change in symptoms and would be more likely to present earlier for a consultation with a health care professional if there was treatment failure. Reflection in and on practiceI felt that this was a satisfactory consultation for both the patient and me. It began with the patient stating that she thought she knew what was wrong with her and what action needed to be taken to resolve the problem. By listening to the patient’s story I was able to make an analysis of her responses and to think of a number of multiple hypotheses. Proceeding with focused inquiry and utilizing clinical examination skills enabled me to discount some of these hypotheses, and by using structure, reminded me of hypotheses I had originally forgotten to include. I was able to facilitate an unexpected health intervention when the patient and carry out  opportunistic smear testing. Following on from this I was able to reach a diagnostic decision and make therapeutic interventions. Throughout I was communicating with the patient, offering education and involving her in her care which should translate to better concordance with treatment plans and improved patient satisfaction with the consultation. This consultation took me 18 minutes to conclude and although I feel that I covered a wide range of potential hypotheses concerning the initial complaint and responded effectively to the patients concerns, I did feel time pressured. On reflection I need to be able to balance the quality of the consultation with the quantity of patients requiring attention during a session. I could have asked Sue to book another appointment for a smear test which would have enabled me to manage my time better but at the expense of patient distress and an incomplete patient episode. It has been my experience to be critisised by my medical colleuges about the time taken for consultations and they are in fact able to move patients through the surgery quicker than I can. Although this is a recurrent problem I believe that the most prevalent reason for this is that in using this model of consultation the practitioner addresses a wider range of potential hypotheses and that these can lead on to other health issues which then need addressing as demonstrated above. When I discussed this with my GP mentor he said that he would have probably tested her urine first and as it was positive for infection, prescribe an antibiotic after enquiring about her risk of pregnancy and not have addressed any other history at that stage. If he had wanted further testing, he would have asked her to make a nurse appointment. It would be interesting to see which approach is preferred by the patient and most satisfactory for the clinician. ConclusionThis case study looked at a consultation where a patient presented with possible cystitis and requested antibiotics. After following a structured consultation and diagnostic style I was able to reach agreement with the patient and to provide a prescription for antibiotics. This was a satisfactory conclusion for both the patient and me. I was also able to  address a secondary health enquiry and opportunistically provide a smear test which was of additional benefit for the patient and the practice, as auditing will show this patient to now have had a smear test which has positive financial implications for the practice.

How to Express Sadness in English

How to Express Sadness in English Some days arent as good as others. In fact, you may feel sad from time to time. Its important to learn how to express sadness when you are feeling down.  Also, you should know what to say when someone else is unhappy. StructuresUsed to Express Sadness The examples used in this section are in the present continuous tense to express feeling sad at the moment of speaking. You can also use these expressions in different tenses. Informal: Use these informal forms when speaking to close friends and family. Preceding each set of sentences, an  example shows how to construct the sentence, including the subject  and  to be verb: Subject   be feeling down about  something Im feeling down about work lately.Shes feeling down about her grades. Subject be upset about  something Im upset about my friends.Toms upset about his boss. Hes too hard on him! Subject be sad about  something Im sad about the situation at work.Jennifers sad about her mother. Formal: Use these more formal forms when speaking to people at work  or with those whom you dont know well. Subject be out of sorts Im sorry. Im out of sorts today. Ill be better tomorrow.Peter is out of sorts today. Ask him tomorrow. Subject do not feel well Doug doesnt feel well today.I dont feel well. Im going to the doctor. Expressing Sadness With Idioms Idioms  are expressions that dont literally mean what they say, such as: Its raining cats and dogs. The expression  doesnt mean that cats and dogs are falling out of the sky. English uses common idioms when speaking about sadness: Subject be feeling blue  about something Jack is feeling blue about his relationship with his girlfriend.Our teacher said he was feeling blue about life last night. Subject be in the dumps about something Were in the dumps about our financial situation.Kelly is in the dumps about her horrible job. Showing Concern When someone tells you he is sad, its important to express concern. Here are some common phrases to show that you care. Informal: BummerI feel you.Tough luck.I cant believe that. Thats horrible / disgusting / not fair Examples of informal expressions of concern include: I feel you. Life isnt always easy.Bummer, but keep trying. Youll find a good job eventually. Formal: Im sorry to hear that.Thats too bad.What can I do to help?Is there anything I can do for you?Would you like to talk about it? Some examples of formal expressions of concern are: Im sorry to hear that. What can I do to help?Thats too bad. Would you like to talk about it? If you see that someone is sad, but that person is not telling you, use the following phrases to get her to open up about her feelings. Ask prompting questions when helping a friend or  colleague who is feeling sad, such as: Whats the matter?You seem sad. Tell me all about it.Why the long face? Example Dialogues These dialogues will help you and a friend or fellow student practice expressing sadness or concern. At work: Colleague 1: Hi Bob. Im feeling out of sorts today.Colleague 2: Im sorry to hear that. What seems to be the problem? Colleague 1: Well, Im really upset about the changes at work.Colleague 2: I know its been difficult for everyone. Colleague 1: I just dont understand why they had to change our team!Colleague 2: Sometimes management does things we dont understand. Colleague 1: It make no sense! I just dont feel well.Colleague 2: Maybe you need some time off work. Colleague 1: Yes, maybe thats it.Colleague 2: Is there anything I can do to help? Colleague 1: No, just talking about it makes me feel a little better.Colleague 2: Feel free to talk to me anytime. Colleague 1: Thanks. I appreciate it.Colleague 2: No problem. Between friends: Sue: Anna, whats the matter?Anna: Nothing. Im fine. Sue: You seem sad. Tell me all about it.Anna: OK, Im in the dumps about Tom. Sue: Bummer. What seems to be the problem?Anna: I dont think he loves me anymore. Sue: Really! Are you sure about that?Anna: Yes, I saw him yesterday with Mary. They were laughing and having a great time. Sue: Well, maybe they were just studying together. It doesnt mean hes leaving you.Anna: Thats what I keep telling myself. Still, Im feeling blue. Sue: Is there anything I can do?Anna: Yes, lets go shopping! Sue: Now youre talking. A nice new pair shoes would help you feel much better.Anna: Yes, maybe thats what I really need. Not a boyfriend  but some beautiful new shoes.

Interview How to sometimes say no to your editor

Interview How to sometimes say no to your editor How to sometimes say 'no' to your editor - An interview with Gale Winskill Our 9th #freelancerfriday interview: â€Å"It does really worry me when authors take every suggestion that I make and implement it. I worry that they don’t believe enough in their own book. An author should always feel they can come back and say â€Å"I hate your suggestions but I accept that my original doesn’t work.† That’s healthy and that’s good. They can understand why you’ve made the criticism, but can then go away and find their own solution to a problem.†Gale Winskill  is a great editor. She offers the full set of editorial services, with a portfolio proving experience in an enormous variety of genres - including a strong background in editing children’s fiction. Below we talk plot-structure, polyediting, and a healthy way to work with an editor. Enjoy!What services do you provide?Mostly editing, proofreading and critiques, although I also do some training. I work with a variety of genres: a lot of fiction editing, bot h for adults and for children; a lot of academic editing for non-native speakers of English; non-fiction; children’s picture books; and manuscript critiques.Are there differences between editing adult and children’s fiction?Not very many. The basics of plot structure are essentially the same for both. The main difference is checking that the content is appropriate for the age group, that you’re talking about subjects that they can understand and follow, and that the language level is also suitable for the age category concerned.What do editors do for authors?The editor is the most critical reader you will ever encounter as an author. As an editor your role is partly to spot things that will be criticised, as well as what’s strong. An editor tries to make sure that the author doesn’t fall into those pitfalls. The author has an opportunity to address any weakness that might open their work  up to criticism before the book goes to print. The editor is very much a reader, first and foremost.Two editors will never think the same way, just as  two readers will find different things in the same text. I may have to tell an author that I can see why they did something one way, but that it may be perceived in a different way by readers. But how the author decides to address that is up to them. Your professional duty as an editor extends to telling an author what strikes you about a text, but at the end of the day it’s the author’s prerogative to ignore everything an editor says, as ultimately it’s their book.Is working with multiple editors a good practice for authors? Does having second opinions help?I think it usually ends up a mess. An author should find an editor they like and - while they don’t have to agree with everything the editor says - one they can work with.  If you have multiple editors it can be confusing. I might feel a particular character doesn’t work for a particular reason, wh ereas another editor might not see a problem. For authors, I don’t see how they can follow one person’s train of thought if they’re trying to compare that with another person’s train of thought.However, there’s a different argument for having more than one critique of a book. It might be interesting to see what various people pick up from reading a book without having them pull it apart.What kind of advice are you able to give an author?Judging by the responses of my authors, I’m good at spotting the weaknesses in a text and offering suggestions on how to resolve it. It does really worry me when authors take every suggestion that I make and implement it. I worry that they don’t believe enough in their own book. An author should always feel they can come back and say â€Å"I hate your suggestions but I accept that my original doesn’t work.† That’s healthy and that’s good. They can understand why you’v e made the criticism, but can then go away and find their own solution to a problem. Authors have told me that they knew something wasn’t working but couldn’t work out why. Once they know the reason they can go away and redraft it. I think authors prefer to be told when a book isn’t publishable in it’s current state but that it could be made to work if they do this and that, as opposed to publishing online and being slated. Authors appreciate criticism so long as it’s constructive, justified, and given in a diplomatic fashion.When should an author approach you with a work-in-progress? After the first draft is completed?Unless I’ve worked with an author for a while and I’m familiar with their work, I don’t like working on a book in pieces. As I work through the book I may change my mind about what I said in the first few chapters. If people send the work piecemeal, I don’t get a sense of the whole. I suggest to new author s that until they’re at the end of the process and are ready to submit it for editing, my seeing it doesn’t benefit them. It’s more constructive when the editor’s opinion is formed in one go.Thank you for your time Gale.

How is the idea of architecture being conveyed and what, finally, does Essay

How is the idea of architecture being conveyed and what, finally, does this building mean - Essay Example In that case we do using the visual perception of the building (Tomaszewski, 2003). Therefore architecture relates to the entire design of the building which in the end gives the unique visual impression that we can see. Further, the buildings architectural designs can also communicate their history, iconography, or perhaps the people who built them. Different emotions or feeling as well can be communicated by different architectural connotations. Amongst the above connotations, also context, flexibility, formality, function and simplicity are some of the aspects that can be utilized by architects to communicate through the building design. This implies that architecture is thus a form of language. Architecture is a symbolical representation of language through which different emotions or information can be communicated (Tomaszewski, 2003). Therefore, buildings can be read just like texts. This essay discusses how the idea of architecture is being conveyed using Kolumba Museum buildi ng. Additionally, the essay also discusses what is finally meant by the Kolumba Museum building. Kolumba Museum is an art museum located in cologne Germany. The Museum has a monumental building designed by Peter Zumthor. This site was formerly, St. Columbia Church run by the diocese of Cologne. The museum is one of the oldest founded by the society for Christian art back in1953. The new home was designed by peter Zumthor in 2003. The site where this building sits was formerly occupied by the St Columbia church but was later to be destroyed during the World War II. The structure designed by Zumthor shares a site with the ruins of St. Columbia’s gothic church. The building is wrapped up with a perforated brick faà §ade including the entire museum (Zumthor, 2008). The building additionally has 16 exhibition rooms with varying qualities depending on the day light allowed in. with a light gray wall made of